Rare paroxysmal movement disorder

Rare paroxysmal movement disorder is an umbrella term used to describe a group of uncommon neurological conditions in which a person experiences sudden, repeated episodes (called paroxysms) of abnormal involuntary movements. These episodes can include dystonia (sustained muscle contractions causing twisting postures), chorea (irregular, flowing movements), ballism (large flinging movements of the limbs), or a combination of these. Between episodes, the person may appear completely normal or have only mild symptoms. The episodes can be triggered by sudden voluntary movements, prolonged exercise, stress, caffeine, alcohol, fatigue, or they may occur without any clear trigger at all. This category includes several specific subtypes such as paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD), and paroxysmal exercise-induced dyskinesia (PED), among others. Some forms are genetic and run in families, while others may occur sporadically. The age when symptoms first appear varies but is often in childhood or adolescence. Treatment depends on the specific subtype. Some forms respond very well to low doses of anticonvulsant medications such as carbamazepine, while others are more difficult to manage. Avoiding known triggers is an important part of daily management. Although these conditions can be disruptive and sometimes frightening, many people with paroxysmal movement disorders can lead full and active lives with proper diagnosis and treatment. Early and accurate diagnosis is important because these conditions can be mistaken for epilepsy or psychogenic disorders.

Bring these to your next appointment

• Q1.What specific subtype of paroxysmal movement disorder do I or my child have?,Should we pursue genetic testing, and which genes should be tested?,What medications are most likely to help, and what are their side effects?,Are there specific triggers I should try to avoid?,Is this condition likely to improve with age?,Should other family members be tested or evaluated?,Are there any clinical trials or new treatments being studied for this condition?

Common questions about Rare paroxysmal movement disorder