Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome

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Overview

Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome is an extremely rare genetic condition that affects multiple parts of the body. The name describes its three main features: preaxial polydactyly (extra fingers or toes on the thumb or big toe side of the hands or feet), colobomata (gaps or defects in parts of the eye, such as the iris, retina, or eyelid), and intellectual disability (difficulties with learning and thinking skills). This syndrome is sometimes also referred to as Varadi-Papp syndrome or preaxial polydactyly-coloboma-mental retardation syndrome. Because this condition affects the eyes, hands, feet, and brain development, children born with it may have a range of challenges from birth. The extra digits may vary in size and function, and the eye defects can affect vision to different degrees depending on which structures of the eye are involved. Intellectual disability can range from mild to more significant, affecting how a child learns and develops over time. There is currently no cure for this syndrome. Treatment focuses on managing each symptom individually. Surgery may be needed to remove extra digits or improve hand and foot function. Eye problems are managed by ophthalmologists, and children benefit from early intervention programs including speech therapy, occupational therapy, and special education support to help them reach their full potential. Because so few cases have been reported in the medical literature, much about this condition remains poorly understood, and care is tailored to each individual's specific needs.

Also known as:

Key symptoms:

Extra fingers or toes on the thumb or big toe sideGaps or defects in parts of the eye (coloboma)Intellectual disability or learning difficultiesVision problemsDelayed developmental milestonesUnusual facial featuresSpeech delaysShort statureAbnormalities of the hands or feet

Clinical phenotype terms (9)— hover any for plain English
Retinal colobomaHP:0000480Preaxial polydactylyHP:0100258Severely reduced visual acuityHP:0001141Angle closure glaucomaHP:0012109Moderately reduced visual acuityHP:0030515
Inheritance

Autosomal recessive

Passed on when both parents carry the same gene change; often skips generations

Age of Onset

Neonatal

Begins at or shortly after birth (first 4 weeks)

Orphanet ↗NORD ↗

Treatments

No FDA-approved treatments are currently listed for Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome.

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No actively recruiting trials found for Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome at this time.

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No specialists are currently listed for Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome.

View NORD Rare Disease Centers ↗Undiagnosed Disease Network ↗

Treatment Centers

8 centers
🏥 NORD

Baylor College of Medicine Rare Disease Center

Baylor College of Medicine

📍 Houston, TX

🏥 NORD

Stanford Medicine Rare Disease Center

Stanford Medicine

📍 Stanford, CA

🔬 UDN

NIH Clinical Center Undiagnosed Diseases Program

National Institutes of Health

📍 Bethesda, MD

🔬 UDN

UCLA UDN Clinical Site

UCLA Health

📍 Los Angeles, CA

🔬 UDN

Baylor College of Medicine UDN Clinical Site

Baylor College of Medicine

📍 Houston, TX

🔬 UDN

Harvard/MGH UDN Clinical Site

Massachusetts General Hospital

📍 Boston, MA

🏥 NORD

Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine

Mayo Clinic

📍 Rochester, MN

👤 Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine

🏥 NORD

UCLA Rare Disease Day Program

UCLA Health

📍 Los Angeles, CA

Travel Grants

No travel grants are currently matched to Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome.

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Community

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Caregiver Resources

NORD Caregiver Resources

Support, advocacy, and financial assistance for caregivers of rare disease patients.

Mental Health Support

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Family & Caregiver Grants

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Social Security Disability

Learn how rare disease patients may qualify for SSDI/SSI benefits.

Questions for your doctor

Bring these to your next appointment

  • Q1.How severe is my child's eye coloboma, and how will it affect their vision over time?,When is the best time to have surgery for the extra fingers or toes?,What early intervention therapies do you recommend, and how often should they occur?,Should we pursue genetic testing, and what might it tell us about the cause?,What is the chance of having another child with this condition?,Are there any specialists or centers with experience in this specific syndrome?,What educational supports should we put in place as my child grows?

Common questions about Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome

What is Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome?

Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome is an extremely rare genetic condition that affects multiple parts of the body. The name describes its three main features: preaxial polydactyly (extra fingers or toes on the thumb or big toe side of the hands or feet), colobomata (gaps or defects in parts of the eye, such as the iris, retina, or eyelid), and intellectual disability (difficulties with learning and thinking skills). This syndrome is sometimes also referred to as Varadi-Papp syndrome or preaxial polydactyly-coloboma-mental retardation syndrome. Because this condit

How is Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome inherited?

Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome follows a autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Genetic counseling can help families understand recurrence risk and testing options.

At what age does Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome typically begin?

Typical onset of Preaxial polydactyly-colobomata-intellectual disability syndrome is neonatal. Age of onset can vary across affected individuals.