Pilomatrix carcinoma

Pilomatrix carcinoma (also called pilomatrical carcinoma or malignant pilomatrixoma) is a very rare type of skin cancer that starts in the hair follicle. Specifically, it grows from cells that normally form the root sheath of hair. This cancer most often appears as a hard lump or mass under the skin, usually on the head, neck, or upper body. It can look similar to a benign (non-cancerous) growth called a pilomatrixoma, which makes it tricky to diagnose without a tissue sample. Pilomatrix carcinoma tends to grow slowly but can be locally aggressive, meaning it can invade nearby tissues. In some cases, it can spread to lymph nodes or other parts of the body, though this is uncommon. The tumor is usually firm, may feel calcified (hard like bone), and can sometimes ulcerate or break through the skin surface. Treatment is primarily surgical. The main goal is to remove the tumor completely with clear margins, meaning no cancer cells are left at the edges. Because this cancer is so rare, there are no standard chemotherapy or radiation protocols specifically approved for it, though these may be used in advanced cases. Early detection and complete surgical removal offer the best outcomes. Regular follow-up is important because the cancer can come back locally after surgery.

Bring these to your next appointment

• Q1.Was the tumor completely removed with clear margins, and what does that mean for my risk of it coming back?,How often do I need follow-up appointments, and what will you check for at each visit?,Should I have imaging tests like CT or MRI to check if the cancer has spread?,Is radiation therapy recommended in my case, and what are the benefits and risks?,Are there any genetic factors I should know about that could affect my family members?,What signs or symptoms should prompt me to contact you immediately between appointments?,Are there any clinical trials or research studies I might be eligible for?

Common questions about Pilomatrix carcinoma