OBSOLETE: Borderline epithelial tumor of ovary

Borderline epithelial tumor of ovary, also known as borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) or ovarian tumor of low malignant potential, is a classification that has been marked as OBSOLETE in the Orphanet database (Orphanet code 206473). These tumors represent a distinct category of ovarian neoplasms that exhibit atypical epithelial proliferation greater than that seen in benign tumors but without the destructive stromal invasion characteristic of frank ovarian carcinoma. They primarily affect the female reproductive system, specifically the ovaries, and can be of serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, or transitional (Brenner) histological subtypes, with serous and mucinous being the most common. Borderline ovarian tumors typically present in women of reproductive age, often at an earlier stage than invasive ovarian cancers. Symptoms may include pelvic or abdominal pain, abdominal distension, bloating, and occasionally an incidentally discovered adnexal mass on imaging. Some patients may be asymptomatic. The prognosis is generally favorable compared to invasive ovarian carcinoma, with high survival rates, particularly when diagnosed at early stages. Treatment primarily involves surgical management, with the extent of surgery depending on the patient's age, desire for fertility preservation, and the stage of disease. Conservative fertility-sparing surgery (such as unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy or cystectomy) may be considered in younger patients, while complete surgical staging including bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and hysterectomy may be recommended for patients who have completed childbearing. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy remains controversial and is generally not recommended for most borderline tumors. Long-term follow-up is important due to the possibility of late recurrence. The obsolete status of this Orphanet entry likely reflects reclassification or merging into a broader or updated disease category within the database.

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