Kandori fleck retina

Kandori fleck retina (also known as Kandori's fleck retina or fleck retina of Kandori) is a rare inherited retinal dystrophy first described by the Japanese ophthalmologist Fumio Kandori in 1959. It is characterized by the presence of large, irregular, yellowish-white flecks located predominantly in the midperipheral and peripheral regions of the retina, typically sparing the macula. These flecks are thought to represent abnormal deposits at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The condition primarily affects the eyes and is generally considered a stationary or very slowly progressive disorder. Most affected individuals maintain good central visual acuity throughout life, though some patients may experience mild difficulties with dark adaptation (night vision disturbances or nyctalopia). Electroretinography (ERG) findings are typically normal or show only mild abnormalities. The fundoscopic appearance of the flecks is distinctive and helps differentiate this condition from other flecked retina syndromes such as fundus flavimaculatus (Stargardt disease), fundus albipunctatus, or familial drusen. There is currently no specific treatment for Kandori fleck retina. Management is primarily supportive, involving regular ophthalmologic monitoring to track any changes in visual function or retinal appearance. Given the generally benign course of the disease, the visual prognosis is favorable for most patients. Genetic counseling may be offered to affected families. The condition remains extremely rare, with only a limited number of cases reported in the medical literature, predominantly from Japan.

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