Colchicine poisoning

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Overview

Colchicine poisoning happens when someone takes too much colchicine, a medication used to treat gout and certain other inflammatory conditions. Colchicine is a powerful drug that comes from the autumn crocus plant (Colchicum autumnale), and even a small overdose can be very dangerous. Poisoning can happen accidentally — for example, when someone takes too many doses by mistake — or in rare cases intentionally. It can also happen when colchicine interacts with other medications that raise its levels in the body. Colchicine works by stopping cells from dividing properly, which is helpful in small doses but harmful in large ones. When too much colchicine enters the body, it damages many organs at once. The gut is usually affected first, causing severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Over the following hours to days, the heart, bone marrow, muscles, kidneys, and nervous system can all be affected. This makes colchicine poisoning a true medical emergency. There is no specific antidote for colchicine poisoning. Treatment focuses on supportive care — meaning doctors manage each symptom and organ problem as it appears. This may include fluids, medications to support blood pressure and heart function, and treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU). Recovery is possible, especially when treatment starts early, but severe poisoning can be life-threatening. The outcome depends heavily on how much colchicine was taken and how quickly medical help was received.

Key symptoms:

Severe nausea and vomitingWatery or bloody diarrheaSevere stomach pain and crampingMuscle weakness or painNumbness or tingling in the hands and feetLow blood pressureRapid or irregular heartbeatDifficulty breathingExtreme tiredness and weaknessFeverReduced or no urine output (kidney failure)Unusual bruising or bleeding (bone marrow failure)Confusion or altered mental stateHair loss (appearing days to weeks after poisoning)Organ failure in severe cases

Clinical phenotype terms (29)— hover any for plain English
Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissuesHP:0001871HypomagnesemiaHP:0002917Abnormal blood ion concentrationHP:0003111Abnormality of acid-base homeostasisHP:0004360
Inheritance

Sporadic

Usually appears on its own, not inherited from a parent

Age of Onset

Variable

Can begin at different ages, from infancy through adulthood

Orphanet ↗NORD ↗

Treatments

No FDA-approved treatments are currently listed for Colchicine poisoning.

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No actively recruiting trials found for Colchicine poisoning at this time.

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No specialists are currently listed for Colchicine poisoning.

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Treatment Centers

8 centers
🏥 NORD

Baylor College of Medicine Rare Disease Center

Baylor College of Medicine

📍 Houston, TX

🏥 NORD

Stanford Medicine Rare Disease Center

Stanford Medicine

📍 Stanford, CA

🔬 UDN

NIH Clinical Center Undiagnosed Diseases Program

National Institutes of Health

📍 Bethesda, MD

🔬 UDN

UCLA UDN Clinical Site

UCLA Health

📍 Los Angeles, CA

🔬 UDN

Baylor College of Medicine UDN Clinical Site

Baylor College of Medicine

📍 Houston, TX

🔬 UDN

Harvard/MGH UDN Clinical Site

Massachusetts General Hospital

📍 Boston, MA

🏥 NORD

Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine

Mayo Clinic

📍 Rochester, MN

👤 Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine

🏥 NORD

UCLA Rare Disease Day Program

UCLA Health

📍 Los Angeles, CA

Travel Grants

No travel grants are currently matched to Colchicine poisoning.

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Community

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Latest news about Colchicine poisoning

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Questions for your doctor

Bring these to your next appointment

  • Q1.How much colchicine is considered a dangerous dose, and what should I do if I accidentally take too much?,Are there any medications I take that could interact with colchicine and raise its levels to a dangerous amount?,What are the earliest signs of colchicine poisoning that should prompt me to call for emergency help?,How long does recovery from colchicine poisoning typically take, and what symptoms might linger?,Is there any way to monitor colchicine levels in my blood to make sure I am taking a safe dose?,What long-term effects, if any, should I watch for after recovering from colchicine poisoning?,Should I continue taking colchicine for my underlying condition after recovering from poisoning, and at what dose?

Common questions about Colchicine poisoning

What is Colchicine poisoning?

Colchicine poisoning happens when someone takes too much colchicine, a medication used to treat gout and certain other inflammatory conditions. Colchicine is a powerful drug that comes from the autumn crocus plant (Colchicum autumnale), and even a small overdose can be very dangerous. Poisoning can happen accidentally — for example, when someone takes too many doses by mistake — or in rare cases intentionally. It can also happen when colchicine interacts with other medications that raise its levels in the body. Colchicine works by stopping cells from dividing properly, which is helpful in sma

How is Colchicine poisoning inherited?

Colchicine poisoning follows a sporadic inheritance pattern. Genetic counseling can help families understand recurrence risk and testing options.